Akwai nau'ikan jemagu da yawa. Daga cikinsu akwai bat ɗin dawakai. Sunan kimiyya Rhinolophus ferrumequinum. Wannan nau'in jemage shine mafi girma daga cikin jinsin Rhinolophus da ke zaune a Turai. Bugu da ƙari, shi ne kuma mafi girma a ko'ina, saboda ya fi son zama a cikin dazuzzuka maimakon buɗaɗɗen biotopes. Wannan nau'in nau'i ne na kudancin Palearctic.
Kamar duk Rhinolophus, jemage na doki yana fitar da duban dan tayi ta hanci maimakon baki. Tare da sauran waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa masu shayarwa na microchiroptera suborder, ba shi da hadiye ko dai.
Rarraba bat din doki
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Yana nan a yankin kudancin Palearctic. Wannan ya hada da kasashe daga Maroko da Iberian Peninsula zuwa Japan. A cikin Turai, iyakarta ta arewa tana kudu maso yammacin Burtaniya zuwa Girka. A gabas, akwai samfurori na wannan dabba a cikin Crimea.
A halin yanzu akwai mutane kusan mutane dubu 50 a Spain. Duk da haka, wannan adadin yana raguwa a tsawon lokaci a gaba ɗaya a cikin yankin Iberian Peninsula. Yankunan da abin ya fi shafa su ne gabas da tsakiyar yankin Spain. Andalusia ita ce al'ummar da ke da yawan jemagu na doki a duk fadin kasar. An kiyasta cewa fiye da 11 dubu samfurori na wannan nau'in suna zaune a can, wanda ke wakiltar 23% na Spain. Faɗin wannan yawan yana da matsakaici. An ƙididdige cewa raguwar sa shine 3,5% a kowace shekara. Duk da haka, ana daukar al'ummar Andalus na jemagu na doki a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi koshin lafiya a kasarmu. Kusa da shi kuma akwai na Castilla-La Mancha, Extremadura da Castilla y León.
Dakin Doki Bat Habitat
Akwai matsuguni iri-iri da Rhinolophus ferrumequinum ke amfani dashi. Ana samun wannan dabbar a cikin wuraren da ke karkashin kasa a lokacin hunturu. Duk da haka, a lokacin lokacin aiki yana yawanci zama a cikin cellars, attics da cavities. Gabaɗaya, Wuraren farautarsu na da nisan mita 200 da 1000 daga mafakar da ake da su a yanzu. Jemagu na doki suna amfani da roosts na dare ko "perches" don farauta. Ana nan suna ratayewa har sai sun gano abin da suka gani.
[mai alaka url="https://infoanimales.net/murcielagos/myotis-myotis/»]
Rarraba ta ya tashi daga matakin teku zuwa tsayin mita 1600. Rhinolophus ferrumequinum wani nau'i ne mai girma. Yana iya samar da yankuna har zuwa mutane 900. Bugu da ƙari, bat ɗin dawakai yana zaune kuma yana da aminci sosai ga matsugunansa waɗanda ke saduwa da jerin yanayin da suka dace don lokacin kiwo da kwanciyar hankali.
Barazana ga jemage na takalman doki
Kamar yadda Rhinolophus ferrumequinum yana da alamar gergarism sosai da ƙarancin farfadowa saboda gaskiyar cewa kowace mace tana da maraƙi ɗaya kawai a kowace shekara. akwai abubuwa da yawa da za su iya zama bala'i ga wannan nau'in. Lalacewa ko hargitsin yankunan ya haifar da mutuwar yawancin samfuran waɗannan jemagu, waɗanda ba za su iya murmurewa cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci ba. Rushewa ko sauya wuraren zama daban-daban da mutane ke yi kuma yana lalata dukkan yankuna na wannan nau'in da sauran su. Bugu da kari, yawan amfani da maganin kashe kwari na daji yana da illa ga jemagu na doki da sauran jemagu. A cikin Isra'ila, alal misali, matsanancin hayaƙin kogo don yaƙi da jemagu na Rousettus aegyptiacus ya kawo ƙarshen bacewa.
A cikin tsarin halittu duk membobi suna taka rawa. Yanayin ya halicci halittu masu rai a cikin tsari da daidaito wanda, idan aka canza, zai iya haifar da canje-canje masu mahimmanci da mummunan sakamako. Shi ya sa dole ne mu sani cewa dole ne a kula da yanayin halittu, wannan yana nufin kula da flora da fauna. Idan muka ci gaba da kawar da nau'ikan nau'ikan dabbobi da tsirrai da yawa, za mu ƙare da kanmu ma.
Halin Rhinolophus
Duk rhinolophids ko jemagu na doki Su kwari ne masu farauta da kama ganima a cikin gudu. Bugu da kari, suna da halaye na rayuwa iri-iri. Yayin da wasu nau'ikan sun fi son zama a cikin manyan yankuna a cikin kogo, wasu suna zaune a cikin bishiyoyi, wasu ma suna kwana a waje suna rataye da rassan bishiyar. Jemage takalmi na dawakai na arewa galibi suna yin bacci a lokacin mafi sanyi na shekara. Wasu 'yan jinsuna har ma suna yin barci a lokacin rani kuma aƙalla ɗaya yana ƙaura.
[mai alaka url="https://infoanimales.net/murcielagos/murcielago-de-la-fruta/»]
Siffar rhinolophids ta musamman ita ce cin karo da sassa da yawa akan hancinsu. Suna kama da ganye mai siffar takalmin doki, saboda haka sunansu. Yana da sama da duka godiya ga wannan yanayin cewa yana yiwuwa a bambanta rhinolophids daga sauran jemagu tare da ido tsirara.
A shekara ta 2005, masana kimiya sun gano jimillar hudu waɗanda ke ɗaukar ƙwayar cuta mai kama da SARS Coronavirus. Waɗannan nau'ikan sune: R. sinicus, R. macrotis, R. pearsoni da R. ferrumequinum.