Iimpawu kunye ne-morphology yebhere yepanda
Ibhere yepanda, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi ipanda enkulu, sisilwanyana esanyisayo sosapho lwebhere (Ursidae), kwaye sizalelwa eTshayina. Nangona umahluko wabo omnyama nomhlophe unokwenza ukuba i-panda ibonakale inkulu kwaye ingaqondakali, ezi zigebenga zaseTshayina eneneni zinesimo esithambileyo nesizolileyo. Banokulinganisa ukusuka kwi-1,2 ukuya kwi-1,9 yeemitha ubude, kuquka nomsila wabo omfutshane, kunye nobunzima obusuka kwi-75 ukuya kwi-160 yeekhilogram.
Umbala omnyama nomhlophe we-panda enkulu yimpawu kwaye iyingqayizivele kwihlabathi leebhere. Uboya bazo buxinene kwaye bunoboya obuzigcina zifudumele kumaqondo abandayo akwindawo ephakamileyo yaseTshayina. Iintloko zabo ezinkulu zinezihlunu ezinamandla zemihlathi, ezibavumela ukuba batyumze kwaye badle owona mthombo wabo wokutya, i-bamboo.
IPanda ithwala indawo yendalo yendalo
El i-panda ithwala indawo yokuhlala yendalo Ifumaneka kwiintaba ezikude zaseSichuan, eShaanxi naseGansu eTshayina. Le mimandla yeentaba ibonelela ngemekobume epholileyo nefumileyo, efanelekileyo ekukhuleni koqalo. IiPanda zikhetha amahlathi e-bamboo, apho zinokufumana iindidi ezininzi zokutya okuyimfuneko ukuze ziphile.
Ukulondoloza la mahlathi e-bamboo kubalulekile ukuze ibhere iphile, yaye iTshayina iye yaseka iindawo zokugcina indalo ezingaphezu kwama-60 ukukhusela zombini iipanda nendawo ezihlala kuyo. Iinzame zolondolozo ziye zasebenza, njengoko inani le-panda liye lanyuka kancinci kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
Ukutya kunye nokutya kwe-panda enkulu
I-bamboo ngowona mthombo wokutya webhere ekuthiwa yipanda, kwaye zinokutya phakathi kwe-12 ne-38 yeekhilogram ze-bamboo suku ngalunye. Ngaphandle kokutya inyama, iipanda zithanda ukutya okunemifuno kuphela, kunye ne-bamboo ethatha i-99% yokutya kwazo.
Kwiintlobo ngeentlobo ze-bamboo, iipanda zihlala zikhetha ezona ndawo zithambileyo kunye nezondlo ezinokuthi zityiwe, ezinje ngamahlumela kunye namagqabi. Kananjalo ngamanye amaxesha baya kudla izilwanyana ezincinci kunye nezinambuzane. Amathumbu kunye nesisu sabo zenzelwe ngokukodwa ukwetyisa i-bamboo ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa nangona kunjalo, ukukwazi kwabo ukwetyisa i-cellulose kulinganiselwe.
Ukuzala kunye nokukhula kweebhere zepanda
Ixesha lokuzala kwebhere le-panda lenzeka kanye ngonyaka, phakathi kukaFebruwari noMeyi. Imazi izala i-avareji yeentsuku ezingama-135, kwaye idla ngokuzala intshontsho elinye okanye amabini. La mantshontsho mancinci ngokumangalisayo xa ethelekiswa nomama wawo, ubunzima obungaphantsi kwe 150 grams ekuzalweni kwawo.
Umama uyawanyamekela aze awakhusele amantshontsho alo, ewagcina esondele de akwazi ukuzinyamekela. Amantshontsho ayakwazi ukuzimela xa eneenyanga ezili-18 ubudala, nangona ehlala nonina de abe neminyaka emibini ubudala. IiPandas zifikelela ekukhuleni ngokwesondo phakathi kweminyaka emi-4 kunye ne-8, kwaye zinobomi obuqhelekileyo obumalunga neminyaka engama-20 endle, nangona ekuthinjweni zinokuphila iminyaka engaphezu kwama-30.
Izinto ezinomdla kunye neenyaniso ezinomdla malunga nebhere yepanda
- Ibhere eliyipanda lineminwe emithandathu. "Isithupha sobuxoki", esilithambo elide, libavumela ukuba babambe ngokuqinileyo i-bamboo.
- Kukho iindidi ezimbini zeepanda: i-panda enkulu kunye ne Ipanda ebomvu, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi "lesser panda". Ngaphandle kokwabelana ngegama elifanayo, abazalani ngokusondeleyo.
- Ibhere yepanda ithathwa njengobutyebi besizwe eTshayina kwaye iluphawu I-WWF (iNgxowa-mali yeHlabathi ebanzi yeNdalo) kwi-1961.
- El Ibhere ipanda sisilwanyana esihlala sodwa, ngaphandle kwangexesha lokukhwelana, kwaye inommandla wayo eyikhusela ngomona.
Ngamafutshane, iibhere zepanda zizilwanyana ezifuziselayo kulondolozo lwezilwanyana kunye neendawo zazo zokuhlala. Ezi ngxilimbela zaseTshayina zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuthazeni ukuhlukahluka kwebhayoloji kwi-ikhosistim yazo, kwaye iinzame eziqhubekayo zolondolozo zibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusinda kwazo.