Amasu Okuzingela Namakhono
Amabhere amhlophe ayizilwane ezidla ezinye ezinekhono eliphezulu futhi asethuthukise inqwaba yamakhono namasu okuzingela ajwayelene nendawo yawo ye-arctic. Umthombo wabo oyinhloko wokudla uphawu, futhi ngenxa yalokho, baye bathuthukisa amakhono abo ekuzingeleni eqhweni nasemanzini.
Enye yezindlela zalo zokuzingela ezaziwa kakhulu iwukucathama, lapho ibhere linyonyoba lize liyofika embotsheni yokuphefumula eqhweni elisetshenziswa izimvu zamanzi futhi lilinde ngesineke isisulu salo ukuba sinyukele umoya. Ngalesi sikhathi, ibhere elimhlophe lihlasela ngokushesha futhi elinamandla, libambe uphawu ngaphambi kokuba libaleke. Le nqubo idinga ukubekezela nekhono elikhulu.
Elinye isu lokuzingela ukujaha emanzini. Naphezu kobukhulu bawo obukhulu, amabhere ase-polar angababhukudi abaqine ngendlela emangalisayo futhi angamangaza inyamazane emanzini ngokuziqhubela phambili ngezitho zawo ezinamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inzwa yabo yokuhogela ibenza bakwazi ukubona izimvu zamanzi zikude kakhulu.
Izisulu eziyinhloko ekudleni kwebhere elimhlophe
Nakuba zaziwa ngokuyinhloko njengama-sealers, ukudla kwebhere elimhlophe empeleni kuhluke kakhulu. Ngezansi ezinye zezisulu eziyinhloko ezingakha ukudla kwenkosi yase-arctic:
- Ama-Bearded Seals kanye ne-Ringed Seals: Lezi ziyizisulu eziyintandokazi zamabhere ase-polar ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwawo kwamafutha amaningi, okubanikeza amandla amaningi.
- Ama-Narwhals nama-belugas: Nakuba engewona umthombo wokudla ovamile, amabhere ase-polar ahlasela la ma-cetacean ngezikhathi ezithile lapho evaleleke eqhweni, ewanikeza umthombo owengeziwe wezakhi.
- Izinhlanzi: Nakuba engeyona ingxenye ebalulekile yokudla kwawo, amabhere ase-polar angase adle izinhlanzi ezinjenge-polar cod ne-arctic salmon lapho enikezwa ithuba.
- Izinyoni zasolwandle namaqanda: Phakathi nenkathi yokuzalanisa, amabhere ase-polar angase ahlasele izinyoni zasolwandle ukuze azondle wona namaqanda azo.
Ukwehluka kwesizini ekudleni kwebhere elimhlophe
Ukudla kwebhere elimhlophe nakho kungahluka kuye ngesikhathi sonyaka. Ebusika, lapho iqhwa lasolwandle seliphakeme kakhulu, amabhere aba namathuba engeziwe okuzingela izimvu zamanzi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukudla kwebhere elimhlophe kusekelwe ikakhulukazi emafutheni awathola ezimvuleni zamanzi.
Ehlobo, iqhwa lasolwandle liyancibilika bese kuba nzima ukubamba izimvu zamanzi. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi sonyaka, amabhere asezindaweni ezishisayo angase aphoqeleke ukuba anezele ekudleni kwawo ngokunye ukudla okutholakalayo, njengezinyoni zasolwandle, amaqanda, i-kelp, kanye nenyama efile ngezikhathi ezithile. Kungalesi sikhathi futhi lapho amabhere angase abe nezinkathi zokuzila ukudla.
Ukuthola nokugcina amandla
Amafutha amabhere ase-polar adla inyamazane yawo awanikeza amandla aminyene, agxilile ngendlela yama-kilojoule nezakhamzimba. La mandla abalulekile ukuwagcina esimweni sezulu esibanda kakhulu futhi awavumele ukuthi agcine amafutha amaningi emzimbeni. Phakathi nenkathi yokulala, ezinsikazi ezikhulelwe zithembele kuphela kulawa mafutha ukuze ziphile futhi zondle amaphuphu azo.
Uma ibhere elimhlophe libamba uphawu, livame ukudla uboya kuphela kanye nongqimba lwamanzi, lishiya wonke umzimba kwezinye izilwane ezingosomathuba njengezimpungushe nama-gull. Amafutha agciniwe abenza bakwazi ukuphila isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokudla, futhi uma besesimweni esihle ngokomzimba, bangaphila izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokudla.
Umthelela wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ekudleni kwebhere elimhlophe
Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuyingozi enkulu indawo kanye nokudla kwebhere elimhlophe. Amazinga okushisa akhuphukayo abangela ukuthi iqhwa lasolwandle lincibilike ngokushesha kunezinga elivamile, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ngamabhere asezindaweni ezishisayo ukuzingela izimvu zamanzi futhi anciphise amathuba azo okuphakela.
Ngenxa yalokho, amabhere amaningi ase-polar anenkinga yokungondleki nokulahlekelwa amafutha emzimbeni. Ukwengeza, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuthinta isibalo sezimvu zamanzi, okungase kuholele ekwehleni kwenani lezinyamazane ezitholakala kumabhere asezindaweni ezishisayo. Kubalulekile ukuthi kuthathwe izinyathelo zokunqanda ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuvikela indawo ehlala amabhere amhlophe kanye nemithombo yokudla.