Kule planethi kunezigidi zezinambuzane ezisakazeke emhlabeni wonke. Ziyiqembu elikhulu kunawo wonke lezidalwa eziphilayo futhi zinezici ezihlukahlukene kakhulu kuye ngokuthi ziyingxenye yeqembu elikuphi. Abanye babelana ngezici ezithile ezifana nokuba izilwane ezine-exoskeleton. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze izinambuzane ezindizayo Banamandla okundiza nokuhamba ngesivinini esikhulu.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ngazo zonke izici, izinhlobo nezinhlobo zezinambuzane ezindizayo.
Izici eziyinhloko
Yizona kuphela izilwane ezingenamgogodla ezinamaphiko. Ukubonakala kwamaphiko kwenzeka lapho zonke izingcezu zomgogodla wethorax zinwebeka ukuze zakhe lesi sitho. Ekuqaleni zazisebenza ngokushibilika kuphela, kodwa ngokuhamba kweminyaka ziye zathuthuka kangangokuthi zingakwazi ukundiza uma kunesidingo. Ngenxa yala maphiko angakwazi ukunyakaza, afune ukudla, abaleke izilwane ezidla ezinye futhi ahlangane nabanye abantu.
Ubukhulu, ukuma, kanye nokuhleleka kwamaphiko ezinambuzane ezindizayo kuhluke kakhulu. Azikwazi ukuhlukaniswa ngendlela eyodwa, kodwa kuyadingeka ukukhomba ukuthi yiziphi izici eziyinhloko. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:
- Amaphiko ahlale enenani elilinganayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokulinganisa kwamazwe amabili izinambuzane ezinakho.
- Zitholakala ku-mesothorax kanye ne-metathorax.
- Ezinye zalezi zinhlobo kufanele zilahlekelwe amaphiko azo lapho sezikhulile. Kukhona futhi ezinye zezibonelo ezinamaphiko ngoba azinyumba futhi azisetshenziswanga ukuthola umlingani ngesikhathi sokukhwelana.
- Akhiwa ngokuhlangana kwe-membrane engaphezulu nephansi.
- Wonke amaphiko anemithambo yezinzwa noma izinzwa. Kusuka lapha lapho zingakha khona umfutho ukuze zikwazi ukunyakazisa amaphiko azo ngokushesha ngokwanele ukundiza.
- Ingaphakathi lamaphiko liqukethe izinzwa, uqhoqhoqho kanye ne-hemolymph.
Ngaphezu kwezinto ezingavamile izinambuzane ezindizayo ezinazo ngoba zine-exoskeleton, zingaphinde zehluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Iningi labo lihlukaniswa ngamaqembu ahlukene ngokwezimpawu zawo.
Izinhlobo zezinambuzane ezindizayo
Sizobona ukuthi yiziphi izici ezijwayelekile zezinambuzane ezindizayo nokuthi yiziphi lezo ezigcinwa zifana. Nakuba sesishilo ukuthi eziningi zazo zinezici ezifanayo, zikhona futhi ezihlukile ngokuya ngemibandela eyahlukene. Ake sibone ukuthi yimaphi amaqembu lapho izinambuzane ezindizayo zihlukaniswa khona:
- I-Orthoptera
- I-Hymenoptera
- I-Diptera
- I-Lepidoptera
- I-Blattodea
- I-Coleoptera
- odanata
Izinambuzane ezindizayo ze-Orthopteran
Izinambuzane ezindizayo ze-Orthoptera yilezo ezavela emhlabeni ngesikhathi se-Triassic. Ibonakala kakhulu ngokuba nemishini yomlomo yohlobo lokuhlafuna. Izilwane eziningi ezingaphansi kwaleli qembu ziyizinambuzane ezigxumayo ezifana nezinyendle nezintethe. Amaphiko azo aqondile futhi akuzona zonke izinambuzane zalolu hlelo ezinobukhulu obufanayo. Ezinye zazo azinamaphiko ngakho azizona izinambuzane ezindizayo. Noma kunjalo, bangamalungu eqembu le-Orthoptera. Ezinye zezibonelo zaleli qembu lezinambuzane intethe efudukayo, i-llanera lobster kanye ne-desert lobster.
I-Hymenoptera
Ziyiqembu lezinambuzane ezavela ngesikhathi seJurassic.. Bonke banesisu esihlukaniswe izigaba. Ulimi lwayo luyakwazi ukwelula noma ukuhoxisa i-buccal emi buccal ukuhlafuna-okuncane. Zonke lezi zinambuzane zihlala emphakathini futhi izinhlobo eziyinyumba zigqama ngokuntula amaphiko. Ukuhleleka kwe-Hymenoptera kungenye yezinkulu kunazo zonke ezikhona kusukela namuhla kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-150.000 ezahlukene. Ezinye zezinambuzane ezindizayo ezivame kakhulu ezifana neminyovu, izinyosi, izinyosi, nezintuthwane ziyingxenye yeqembu le-Hymenoptera.
izinambuzane ezindizayo ze-dipterous
Iningi lazo livele ngesikhathi seJurassic futhi linama-antenna amafushane. I-apparatus noma i-mouthpiece iwuhlobo lokumunca. Zinezinto ezifuna ukwazi futhi ukuthi azinawo ama-4 njengoba kwenzeka ezinambuzaneni eziningi. Ngenxa yokuziphendukela kwemvelo inamaphiko amabili kuphela. Kuleli qembu lezinambuzane sithola i izimpukane, omiyane, izimpukane namajikijolo.
i-lepidoptera
Ziyizinambuzane zesimanje njengoba zavela kule planethi ngesikhathi semfundo ephakeme. I-Lepidoptera inomlomo we-siphoning ofana neshubhu. Amaphiko ayo ohlobo lwe-membranous futhi anezikali ezihlanganisiwe zohlobo lwe-unicellular futhi anomumo oyisicaba. Eqenjini lezinambuzane ezindizayo ezine-lepidopterous sithola amabhu nezimvemvane.. Esinye sezinambuzane ezingaphansi kwaleli qembu futhi esihle kakhulu futhi esifisa ukwazi uvemvane olufana nenyoni.
Izinambuzane ezindizayo ze-Blathoid
Ziyiqembu lezilwane ezihlukanisa lezo ezine-exoskeleton ebanzi engakwazi ukuyivikela ekushayweni. Futhi banayo kodwa abavamisile ukujwayele ukunyakaza. Amaphela ahlukaniswa ngaphansi kwaleli qembu. Ziyizinambuzane eziyisicaba ezisakazwa emhlabeni wonke. Nakuba kungezona zonke ezinezimpiko, eziningi zazo ziyakwazi ukundiza. Bangakwazi kuphela ngezikhathi ezihlukile njengalapho bevalelwe khona ngokuphelele.
Amabhungane
Ziyizinambuzane ezindizayo ezine-elytra eqinile esikhundleni samaphiko avamile. Zisiza ukuvikela isinambuzane lapho ziphumule. Lezi zilwane zigqama ngokuba ne imilomo elumayo nemilenze yayo inde. Izinsalela zalezi zinambuzane ziqala ukuvela ngesikhathi sePermian. Phakathi kwabamele kakhulu kuleli qembu sinamabhungane, ama-ladybugs nokhanyikhanyi.
Odonate izinambuzane ezindizayo
Ekugcineni, leli qembu lezinambuzane lavela ngesikhathi sePermian futhi linamehlo amakhulu nemizimba emide eyi-cylindrical. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-6.000 kuleli qembu. Phakathi kwazo sithola ojekamanzi noma amaqhawe kasathane. Zigqama ngokuba namehlo amakhulu nemizimba eyisilinda nemide. Izimpiko zayo ziwuhlobo lwe-membranous futhi ngokuvamile zincane kakhulu futhi zisobala. I-emperor dragonfly ingenye yezinambuzane eziyingxenye yaleli qembu elivame kakhulu nelaziwa kakhulu.
Njengoba ubona, uhlu lwezinambuzane ezindizayo emhlabeni lude kakhulu futhi luyinkimbinkimbi. Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezici eziyinhloko zezinambuzane ezindizayo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwazo.