Inhlamvu yezinhlamvu

Ngaphakathi kombuso wezintuthwane, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene. Ezinye zivamile futhi sizazi ngeso lenyama. Kodwa kukhona abanye, njengentuthwane, igama labo elisidonsayo, nakuba ungeke uthande ukusondela kuyo, ingasaphathwa eyokukuluma.

Uma ufuna ukwazi ifayela le- izici zezintuthwane zenhlamvu, indawo esivame ukuhlala kuyo, ukuphakelwa nokuzala kwaso, noma ukwazi kabanzi ngokulunywa kwalesi silwane, ungangabazi ukubheka esikulungisile.

Izinhlamvu ze-Ant Characters

Intuthwane yenhlamvu, eyaziwa nangokuthi intuthwane i-tocantera noma ngegama layo lesayensi, i-paraporera clavata, iyi-hymenopteran eyingqayizivele yohlobo lweParaponera (okusho ubuhlungu). Ubukhulu bayo bukhulu kakhulu kunezintuthwane "ezivamile", ngoba zikwazi ukufinyelela amamilimitha angu-18-30. Umzimba wayo ubomvu futhi umnyama, inemibala ehlukahlukene, futhi ayinamaphiko. Indlovukazi yalolu hlobo inkulu kakhulu kunezinye izibonelo.

Ibonakala ngokuba nomhlathi ekhanda sengathi yizinsimbi ezisebenzisa ukuluma nokuvimbezela inyamazane yayo. Kodwa ngokwako, lokhu kulunywa akulutho uma sicabangela ukuthi, ngaphezu kwalokho, kunodosi emhlane ekwazi ukujova ngalo ushevu onamandla okwazi ukukhubaza inyamazane yayo ukuze inganikezeli ukumelana. .

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Esinye sezici zale hymenoptera ukuthi injalo embozwe "izinwele", nakuba kungenele ukukumboza ngokuphelele.

Iminyaka yazo yokuphila ayiphezulu kakhulu njengoba iphila phakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-45 nezingama-60.

Habitat

Intuthwane yenhlamvu itholakala kalula indawo esuka eNicaragua iye e-Amazon. Eqinisweni, le ntuthwane iyingxenye yemikhuba ethile yesizwe. Isibonelo nje, enye yemikhuba esetshenziswayo wukuzifaka “ama-anesthetized” kumagilavu ​​bese ziwafaka ezinganeni okuthi uma izintuthwane zivuke zibona ukuthi zibanjiwe, ziqale ukuhlaba, ngendlela yokuthi ingane encane. kumele abekezelele imizuzu 10. namagilavu ​​ukumcabangela "indoda". Futhi hhayi kanye nje, kufanele adlule kukho izikhathi ezifika ku-20.

Indawo yemvelo yentuthwane ihlathi. Ihlala kokubili phansi nasezihlahleni. futhi ungathola ama-liana ngisho neziqu ezimbozwe ngokuphelele yilezi zintuthwane.

Eqinisweni, ikoloni lakho lingaba neminyango eminingana, kokubili emhlabathini naphakathi kwezimpande zezihlahla. Futhi kuye ngendima yabo, baphethe ukuvikela isidleke, ukufuna ukudla noma ukukhiqiza kabusha.

ukuphakela izintuthwane zenhlamvu

Ukudla kwentuthwane yenhlamvu kuhluke kakhulu. Kodwa ngokuyisisekelo iqukethe ukudla okubili: izilwane nompe Phakathi kwezilwane eziyingxenye enkulu yokudla kwazo kukhona umuhlwa, ama-millipedes, izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinye izintuthwane. Ngokuqondene nompe, bangadla futhi ubisi nama-exudates kwezinye izitshalo.

ukukhiqizwa kwezintuthwane zenhlamvu

Ukukhiqizwa kwenhlamvu yenhlamvu kuhambisana nendlovukazi kuphela. Lokhu kwenza ukundiza kanye neyeduna ngendlela yokuthi amaqanda avundiswa emoyeni, lapho bobabili. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, indlovukazi yakha ikamelo elincane lapho ingena khona futhi, unyaka wonke, ayiphumi lapho kodwa iphethe ngokubekela amaqanda futhi iwafunze njengoba yibona abazokwakha iqembu lezintuthwane eziyizisebenzi.

Uma lezi zintuthwane sezikhulile, yizo ezizobe ziphethe ukukhulisa isidleke nokunakekela amaqanda nokondla indlovukazi ukuze leli qoqo liqhubeke likhula. Eqinisweni, kuvamile ukuba isiduli sakhiwe ngezintuthwane ezingaba yizinhlamvu ezingama-500 sezizonke, futhi ingase ibe ngaphezu kwalokho.

Kwenzekani uma uhlatshwa intuthwane yenhlamvu?

Ngeshwa, intuthwane yenhlamvu iyaluma. Futhi kubuhlungu kakhulu. Phezu kokunaka ukuthi sikhuluma ngedlozi “elinkulu” uma liqhathaniswa namanye, ukuntinyela akumnandi, kokunye kuze kubikwe ukuthi liyabulala.

Kubikwa ukuthi Inhlamvu yentuthwane ihlaba ibuhlungu izikhathi ezingu-30 kunenyosi noma umuvi. okubonisa ukuthi akusona isilwane okufanele ubhekane naso, ikakhulukazi njengoba siyakwazi ukuhlaba, njengoba negama laso libonisa, ngokuveza isibhamu.

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Ku-inthanethi ungathola amavidiyo athile abenzi bokuzidela abayiziwula abakhuthazwa ukuthi bazame ukuthi iyini inhlamvu yentuthwane, kanye nemiphumela yale "nselele". Kodwa-ke, iqiniso liwukuthi akuwona "muhle" njengoba kushiwo. Futhi kungukuthi, lapho luluma, ngaphezu kokusabela ozoba nakho (ukuvutha, ubuhlungu obukhulu, ama-spasms, umuzwa wokucindezelwa endaweni, ukuvuvukala, ukujuluka okubandayo noma umkhuhlane ...), kungabangela inkinga enkulu eyenza ukuthi uye ezimeni eziphuthumayo.

Ukulunywa kunezigaba ezimbili. Esokuqala yilapho imihlathi yentuthwane ibamba isisulu sayo. Zinamandla kakhulu futhi azivumeli muntu ukuba abaleke. Kodwa isigaba esilandelayo sibi nakakhulu, okungukuthi, lapho isilungisile isisulu sayo, intuthwane indizela esiswini futhi ihlabe ngokuluma kwayo ngesikhathi esifanayo, ikhiphe ubuthi obuqinile, nakuba ingabulali (ngaphandle uma kukhona. yizinkinga zezempilo).

udosi olubuhlungu

Ngokusho kwe- I-Schmidt pain index of stings, engenabo ubuqiniso besayensi njengalokhu, kodwa okuningi kwaziwa yizazi zesayensi nezilwane, kune-Hymenoptera emithathu kuya kwezine ekwazi ukufinyelela izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lale nkomba. Futhi enye yazo intuthwane. Ngokusho kwe-entomolodo Schmidt, udosi lukhiqiza a “ubuhlungu obumsulwa, obukhulu, obukhazimulayo. Njengokuhamba phezu kwamalahle ashisayo ngesipikili esigqwalile esingama-intshi amathathu esishayelelwe esithendeni sakho.

Ubuhlungu bokulunywa yinhlamvu yentuthwane bungathatha usuku lonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo iyavutha futhi ibomvu. Kodwa hhayi lokho kuphela. Nayo iyasha ngendlela yokuthi kube sengathi ushiswe into engapheli ngaphakathi.

Futhi yilokho ukulunywa kwenziwa ngobuthi, i-poneratoxin, okuyinhlanganisela ye-neurotoxic ekhubazayo, ngendlela yokuthi sikhuluma ngobuthi obunamandla obungabeka impilo yomuntu engozini.