Ngaphakathi kwezilwane zezintuthwane, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene. Enye yalezo ezingadonsa ukunaka kwakho kakhulu yilena ebomvu. Intuthwane ebomvu ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa nangokuthi intuthwane yomlilo. Kodwa-ke, lapho umba ujule kancane, siyabona ukuthi empeleni ziyizilwane ezimbili ezihlukene okuthi nakuba zihlanganyela izinto eziningi ezifanayo, nazo zihlukile.
Ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukwazi yini intuthwane yomlilo, ithini indawo yayo eyinhloko, ukondla, ukuzala nokuthi kwenzekani uma ikuluma, lapha uzothola lonke ulwazi oludingayo.
Izici Zentuthwane Yomlilo
Intuthwane yomlilo ivame ukubizwa nangokuthi intuthwane ebomvu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kanye nomlilo empeleni kunamagama esayensi ahlukene. Ngenkathi elibomvu liyi I-Rufous Formica (eyaziwa nangokuthi intuthwane yokhuni olubomvu noma intuthwane ebomvu yaseYurophu); uma kuvutha umlilo yiwo I-Solenopsis invicta. Usayizi ojwayelekile walesi sinambuzane phakathi kuka-0,64 no-6,4mm ubude. Kuye ngomsebenzi wabo, umbala abanawo uyahluka, ngoba, isibonelo, izisebenzi zinombala omnyama (obomvu obumnyama cishe omnyama noma obomvu). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, intuthwane eyindlovukazi inombala ogqame kakhulu futhi inkulu kakhulu.
Abasebenzi banodosi olunzima abangangabazi ukulisebenzisa. Zivamise ukuba nekhanda elicishe lilingane nomzimba wazo. Futhi zinezimpondo ezizisebenzisayo ukulandelela, ukuhlola ukugeleza komoya, ukulalela, ukuhogela, noma ngisho nokunambitha ukudla.
Kufanele ugcine engqondweni ukuthi Ziyizilwane ezinolaka. futhi ngokuvamile zihlasela izilwane ezihlasela noma ezibeka izidleke zazo engozini, zikwazi ukubhekana nabantu, izilwane noma izitshalo. Bayakwazi nokulimaza izakhiwo noma izinsiza.
Ubude besikhathi sokuphila kwentuthwane yomlilo buncike ohlotsheni eliyilo. Uma kuyintuthwane eyisisebenzi, izophila kuphela phakathi kwenyanga nenyanga nengxenye; uma kuyindlovukazi, bangaphila iminyaka engu-7.
Habitat
Intuthwane yomlilo idabuka eNingizimu Melika. (ikakhulukazi eBrazil, Uruguay, Argentina naseParaguay). Nokho, namuhla ingatholakala kwezinye izindawo eziningi. Eqinisweni, sekuyisifo esiwumshayabhuqe ezindaweni ezifana ne-Australia, iPhilippines, iTaiwan, eningizimu yeGuangdong naseningizimu ye-United States.
Isizathu sokuthi ikwazile ukuthuthela kuzo zonke lezi zindawo kungenxa yokuthi ivumelana kahle nanoma iyiphi indawo, nakuba ithanda izindawo lapho inhlabathi ithambile futhi inothile, njengamahlathi, enamazinga okushisa ajwayelekile, umswakama ... Ukuthi yebo, akusho ukuthi ayikwazi ukutholakala kwezinye i-ecosystem.
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Ingakwazi ngisho nokuzivumelanisa nokuhlala ezindlini, kodwa yonakalise isimo sabo, ngenxa yekoloni eyakhayo. Futhi kungenxa yokuthi ikoloni layo lingafinyelela izindunduma ezingaphezu kwamamitha angu-45 futhi libe nezintuthwane eziyizisebenzi eziphakathi kuka-300000 no-500000 kuzo.
Ifakwe ohlwini lwezinhlobo eziyi-100 zezilwane ezihlaselayo eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni, ngakho-ke kufanele uwalawule ukuze ugweme le nkinga.
Ukondla Intuthwane Yomlilo
Ukudla kwentuthwane yomlilo akusekelwe kuphela ekudleni, ezinambuzaneni, ezilwaneni ezifile noma izinto ezinoshukela abaziqoqayo futhi bazibuyisele ekoloni. Bayakwazi futhi ukubamba ezinye izilwane ezizingelayo nezinambuzane noma izilwane ezincane ukuze bazidle.
Lapho bezingela, ngokuvamile bakwenza njengeqembu ukuze baveze impi enkulu. Kamuva, bonke bahlanganyela ukudla futhi bathathe ingxenye baye ekoloni ukuze bakugcine nokunye ukudla.
ukuzala kwezintuthwane zomlilo
Intuthwane yomlilo, njengezinye izintuthwane eziningi, inesimiso esifanayo. Okusho ukuthi, banendlovukazi nezinye izintuthwane (izisebenzi, izintuthwane zesifazane ezivundile, nezinduna). Ukuze ukudlalwa kwenzeke, "indiza yomshado" izokwenzeka. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ekupheleni kwehlobo, lapho ezinsikazi nezivundile zindiza zimuka futhi ukuhlangana kwenzeka emoyeni. Eyeduna iyafa kuyilapho insikazi izowela phansi ilahlekelwe amaphiko ayo.
Ngaleso sikhathi, ibheka indawo yokuzinza futhi izingcwabe ukuze ikwazi ukubeka amaqanda okuqala. Lezi ngeke zibe ziningi kakhulu, ngoba kuzoba nguye kuphela okufanele anakekele yonke into. Kodwa zizokwanela ukuqala ikoloni lakho.
Uma lezi zintuthwane sezikhulile, intuthwane yendlovukazi izophatha kuphela ukubeka amaqanda, ikhiqiza amaqanda afika ku-1600. Ngasekupheleni komjikelezo wayo, izoqala ukubeka amaqanda “akhethekile,” kungaba amaduna avundile noma abesifazane abavundile. Umgomo wukuthi bakwazi ukwakha amakoloni abo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ezinye zezintuthwane ezisebenzayo ziyakwazi ukuthuthela kwezinye izindawo, Ukwazi ukwakha amakoloni amasha eduze nenhloko, futhi ngaleyo ndlela udale isidleke esikhulu nakakhulu. Futhi, into abangayazi abaningi ukuthi ayinamanzi. Eqinisweni, lapho beqaphela ukuthi amanzi azokhuphuka, noma ukuthi basengozini emanzini, bonke babuthana ndawonye benze uhlobo lwebhola elizokwazi ukuntanta kanjalo bagweme ukufa. Uma isidleke sisuswa, abanankinga yokwakha esisha.
Intuthwane ebomvu yomlilo, kuzokwenzekani kimi?
Njengoba sesishilo ngaphambili, intuthwane yomlilo inolaka. Uma ibona ukuthi isengozini, noma isidleke sayo sisengozini, izohlasela. Benzani? Ngemihlathi babambe isikhumba somhlukumezi, kube sengathi yimpintshi. Ngenxa yokuthi mancane, lokhu ngokuvamile kubuhlungu kakhulu.
Nokho, akugcini lapho, ngoba intuthwane bese iqhubeka nokunamathisela udosi lwayo ukuze ijove ubuthi abanabo. Eqinisweni, abakwenzi kanye nje, bazonyakazisa ikhanda labo ukuze balume izikhathi eziningana.
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Intuthwane yomlilo ibonakala ngokuba buhlungu kakhulu. Futhi, emahoreni angu-24-48 kwakhiwa i-blister encane kakhulu kodwa enamandla, engase itheleleke, ngakho-ke udinga ukuqaphela kakhulu. Manje, kubantu abazwela kakhulu, bangase babe nesicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukushaqeka, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ngisho nokuquleka.