Liopleurodon yaive imwe yezvikara zvemugungwa zvaigara muMiddle Jurassic kusvika kuLate Jurassic nguva, pakati pe160 ne155 miriyoni makore apfuura, mumakungwa eEurope. Kufanira kudaro mhando huru dzerudzi urwu rwaigona kusvika 6,39 metres pakureba. Iyi carnivore yemumvura yaive yePliosauroidea, inova clade yemaplesiosaurs ane mitsipa mipfupi. Zita rayo, kubva muchiLatin, rinoreva "mazino akatsetseka."
Mukati merudzi rweLiopleurodon mune mhando mbiri dzinozivikanwa: iyo Liopleurodon ferox, iyo yaive hombe yeaya maviri, uye Liopleurodon pachydeirus, isinganyanyi kuwanda pane yekutanga. Zvisaririra zvemhuka iyi zvakawanikwa zvakanyanya muFrance, Germany neEngland. Parizvino, skeletons akazara anowanikwa erudzi urwu ndeerudzi rweLiopleurodon ferox.
Kuwanikwa kweLiopleurodon
Muna 1873, Henri-Émile Sauvage akatumidza genus iyi Liopleurodon mushure mekuwanikwa kwe mazino matatu akareba 70 millimeters. Rimwe nerimwe remazino aya akawanikwa muFrance uye akaparadzana, saka ivo vakambopihwa kumarudzi matatu akasiyana eLiopleurodon, iyo yega yekupedzisira ndiyo yeLiopleurodon ferox.
Zvisaririra zvechikara chemumvura kubva munguva yekupedzisira yeJurassic zvakawanikwa muVolga Beds, Russia. Muna 1948, Novozhilov akaitumidza zita rokuti Liopleurodon rossicus uye akarondedzera kuti ndeyemhuri yePliosaur. Nekudaro, iri mugenus Strongylokroptaphus.
Tsanangudzo yeLiopleurodon
Kufanana nemamwe maplesiosaurs, Liopleurodon yakanga ine zvimbi zvina zvakasimba. Navo yaifambiswa mumvura, kusiyana nemamwe dinosaurs emugungwa aigona kuzviita nemuswe, zvakadai seIchtyhosaurus. Ongororo yakaitwa nerobhoti nezve nzira yekutuhwina yezvikara izvi. Iyi yakaratidza kuti iyi haisi iyo nzira inoshanda, asi inopa yakanakisa kukurumidza. Kuve chikara chinohwandira mugungwa, ichi chaive hunhu chaidiwa zvikuru kwaari. Zvidzidzo zvakaitwawo padehenya remhuka iyi ine simba yemumvura. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti yaive nemhino yaikwanisa kuziva kwaibva kumwe kunhuwa.
Size
Kusvikira nhasi, hukuru hwehukuru hweLiopleurodon hunoramba huri nyaya inokakavara. Paleontologist LB Tarlo anotenda kuti urefu hwese hwe pliosaur, kusanganisira Liopleurodon, inogona kufungidzirwa kubva paurefu hwedehenya. Sekutaura kwake, dehenya rezvikara zvemumvura izvi rakaenzana nechinomwe chehurefu hwemuviri wese. Dehenya refu rakawanikwa re L. ferox rine kureba kwemamita 1,54. Zvinoenderana nedzidziso yaLB Tarlo, mhuka inofanirwa kunge yakayera inosvika 10,5 metres kureba. Nekudaro, zvakawanikwa zvakaitwa nezve Kronosaurus, imwe genus yePliosaurs, yakakanda kusahadzika pamusoro peiyo nzira yeLB Tarlo.
Kumwe kuferefetwa kwe pliosaur anatomy kwakaita kuti matehenya acho aingova chikamu chimwe chete muzvishanu chehurefu hwemuviri wemhuka. Skeleton yakanyatsochengetedzwa yeL. ferox iri kuratidzwa mumiziyamu ye geology uye paleontology paYunivhesiti yeTübingen kuGermany. Ichi chifananidzo chine urefu hunosvika 4,5 metres. Mumwe muenzaniso mukuru werudzi urwu, kubva kuOxford Clay Formation pedyo nePeterborough kuEngland, ine dehenya rakareba mamita 1,26 uye hurefu hwayo hwose hunofungidzirwa kuva 6,39 metres. Naizvozvo, Liopleurodon ferox yemukuru inofungidzirwa kuti yaive nehurefu hwakazara hwe5-7 metres.
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Mafossils anoratidza mutero angangopfuura 15 metres kureba akawanikwa muKimmeridge Clay Formation muEngland. Nekudaro, iyi muenzaniso haina kupihwa seyeiyo genus Liopleurodon.
Pane mumwe muenzaniso usina kukwana unoratidzwa paOxford University Museum of Natural History muEngland. Rushaya rweizvi rune kureba kwemamita 2,8. Zvakadaro, shaya inofungidzirwa kuti yakareba kudarika mamita matatu. Pakutanga muenzaniso uyu wakanga wapiwa kune genus Stretosaurus, seStretosaurus macromerus. Nekudaro, nhasi inoonekwa sechikamu cheiyo genus Liopleurodon uye yakatumidzwa zita rekuti Liopleurodon macromerus. Yakazonzi Pliosaurus macromerus. Nezve genus Stretosaurus, parizvino inoonekwa sejunior synonym yeLiopleurodon.
Liopleurodon curiosities
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Mugore re 1999, iyo Liopleurodon yakave nechitarisiko muchikamu che miniseries "Kufamba nemadinosaurs", kubva kuBBC. Ikoko kunoratidzika sechikara chihombe chine kureba kwemamita makumi maviri nemashanu. Ichi chimiro hachienderane nechero yerudzi rweLiopleurodon. Kukanganisa uku kunogona kunge kwakapesvedzerwa nezvakawanda zvakawanikwa zvePliosaurs hombe, se "Arramberi Monster". Zvinofungidzirwa kuti dinosaur iyi yaive nehurefu hwekusvika 25 metres. Kunyangwe paine zvimwe zvakafanana neLiopleurodon, zvakawanikwa zvakasara zve "Arramberi Monster" hazvina kukwana kuti zviti kune chero genus.