Liopleurodon yana daya daga cikin maharban koli na ruwa wadanda suka rayu a tsakiyar Jurassic zuwa karshen Jurassic, tsakanin shekaru miliyan 160 zuwa 155 da suka gabata, a cikin tekunan Turai. Ya kamata Mafi girman nau'in wannan nau'in na iya kaiwa tsayin mita 6,39. Wannan dabbar dabbar ruwa ta Pliosauroidea ce, wacce ke da guntun wuyan wuyan plesiosaur. Sunansa, daga Latin, yana nufin "hakora masu laushi."
A cikin jinsin Liopleurodon akwai nau'i biyu da aka sani: Liopleurodon ferox, wanda shine mafi girma daga cikin biyun, da kuma Liopleurodon pachydeirus, wanda bai fi na farko ba. An gano ragowar wannan dabbar musamman a kasashen Faransa da Jamus da Ingila. A halin yanzu, mafi cikakken kwarangwal da aka samo daga wannan jinsin suna cikin nau'in Liopleurodon ferox.
Gano Liopleurodon
A cikin 1873, Henri-Émile Sauvage ya sanya wa wannan jinsin suna Liopleurodon bayan gano hakora uku masu girman milimita 70. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan haƙoran an samo su ne a Faransa kuma daban, don haka da farko an sanya su zuwa nau'ikan Liopleurodon daban-daban guda uku, kawai na ƙarshe shine na Liopleurodon ferox.
Ragowar macijin ruwa daga lokacin Jurassic na marigayi an samu a Volga Beds, Rasha. A cikin 1948, Novozhilov ya kira shi Liopleurodon rossicus kuma ya bayyana shi a matsayin na dangin Pliosaur. Duk da haka, yana cikin jinsin Strongylokroptaphus.
Bayanin Liopleurodon
Kamar sauran plesiosaurs, Liopleurodon yana da filaye masu ƙarfi huɗu. Tare da su an motsa shi a cikin ruwa, ba kamar sauran dinosaur na ruwa ba wanda zai iya yin shi da wutsiya, irin su Ichtyhosaurus. An gudanar da bincike tare da wani mutum-mutumi game da hanyar ninkaya na wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe. Wannan ya nuna cewa wannan ba shine hanya mafi inganci ba, amma yana ba da hanzari mai kyau sosai. Da yake marine kwanton bauna, wannan siffa ce mai matuƙar kyawawa a gare shi. An kuma gudanar da bincike a kan kwanyar wannan dabba mai rarrafe a cikin ruwa. Ana hasashen cewa tana da hancin da za ta iya gano asalin wasu wari.
Girma
Har wala yau, matsakaicin girman Liopleurodon ya kasance batun cece-kuce. Masanin burbushin halittu LB Tarlo ya yi imanin cewa jimlar tsawon pliosaur, gami da Liopleurodon, ana iya ƙididdige su daga tsawon kwanyar. A cewarsa, kwanyar wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe a cikin ruwa yana daidai da kashi daya cikin bakwai na tsayin jiki. Mafi tsayin kwanyar da aka samu na L. ferox yana da tsayin mita 1,54. A cewar ka'idar LB Tarlo, dabbar dole ne ta auna kimanin mita 10,5. Duk da haka, binciken da aka yi game da Kronosaurus, wani nau'i na Pliosaurs, ya sanya shakku kan daidaiton hanyar LB Tarlo.
Binciken da aka yi akan anatomy pliosaur ya kai ga ƙarshe cewa kwanyar kashi ɗaya cikin biyar ne kacal na tsawon jikin dabba. An baje kolin kwarangwal mai kyau na L. ferox a gidan kayan gargajiya na ilimin geology da burbushin halittu a Jami'ar Tübingen a Jamus. Wannan samfurin yana da tsawon kusan mita 4,5. Wani babban samfurin wannan nau'in, daga Oxford Clay Formation da ke kusa da Peterborough a Ingila, yana da tsayin kwanyar mita 1,26 kuma tsayin jikinsa ya kai mita 6,39. Don haka, An yi hasashen babban Liopleurodon ferox yana da tsayin tsayin mita 5-7.
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An gano burbushin da ke nuna harajin mai yiwuwa tsayin sama da mita 15 a cikin Tsarin Clay na Kimmeridge a Ingila. Koyaya, wannan samfurin ba a sanya shi a matsayin na dangin Liopleurodon ba.
Akwai wani samfurin da bai cika ba da aka nuna a gidan tarihin tarihi na Jami'ar Oxford a Ingila. Muƙamuƙi na wannan yana da tsayin mita 2,8. Duk da haka, Ya kamata muƙamuƙi ya auna fiye da mita 3. Da farko an sanya wannan samfurin ga jinsin Stretosaurus, a matsayin Stretosaurus macromerus. Duk da haka, a yau ana ɗaukarsa wani ɓangare na jinsin Liopleurodon kuma an sake masa suna Liopleurodon macromerus. Daga baya aka sake masa suna Pliosaurus macromerus. Game da halittar Stretosaurus, a halin yanzu ana ɗaukarsa ƙaramin ma'ana na Liopleurodon.
Liopleurodon curiosities
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A cikin shekarar 1999, Liopleurodon ya fito a cikin wani shiri na miniseries "Tafiya tare da dinosaurs", daga BBC. A can ya bayyana a matsayin katon mafarauci mai tsayin mita 25. Wannan fasalin bai dace da kowane nau'in Liopleurodon ba. Wataƙila binciken da yawa na Pliosaurs masu girma ya rinjayi wannan kuskuren, kamar "Arramberi Monster". Ana hasashen cewa wannan dinosaur din yana da tsayin da ya kai mita 18. Duk da samun wasu kamanceceniya da Liopleurodon, ragowar da aka samu na "Arramberi Monster" bai isa ya danganta shi ga kowace irin halitta ba.