Theropod is a suborder ye saurischian dinosaur. inoratidzwa nekuva nemapfupa asina mhango uye zvigunwe zvitatu pamagumo. Nekudaro, muna 2017 chimwe chinyorwa chakavaisa muboka reOrnithosceldia. Zita rekutanga "Theropoda", kubva muchiGiriki, rinoreva "tsoka yechikara".
Pakutanga, madhinosaurs echikamu ichi aidya. Nekudaro, mazhinji acho akashanduka kuita omnivorous, insectivorous, herbivorous, uye piscivorous. Kuonekwa kwayo kwekutanga kwaive makore emamiriyoni 232 apfuura, pakupera kwenguva yeTriassic. Uyezve, dzose dzakakura dzepanyika dzinodya nyama kubva kuEarly Jurassic kusvika kumagumo eCretaceous aiva Theropods. Munguva yeJurassic nguva, diki pane iyi suborder yakashanduka kuita shiri. Parizvino, kune 10.500 zvipenyu zvipenyu zvinowira mukati meTheropod suborder.
Tsanangudzo yeTheropod
Pasinei nekuve mutongi mumwe chete, pakanga pane misiyano yakawanda pakati pemadinosaurs ari eTheropods. Zvizvarwa zvakawanda zvakawanikwa zvine minhenga, kana zvimwe zvimiro zvakafanana. Zvisinei, inoratidzika sechinhu chinowanzozivikanwa pakati pevechidiki uye zvisikwa zviduku. Dzimwe nguva dzinoita sedzaivepo chete mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemuviri. Mienzaniso mikuru yakanga ine zviyero zviduku zvakasimudzwa zvakavhara ganda ravo. Kune mhando dzezvikero izvi zvakabatanidzwa nehombe dzaive nemabhonzo. Muenzaniso werudzi urwu rweganda ndiyo Carnotaurus. Panewo humbowo hunoratidza kuti mamwe maTheropods angadai aine mazero uye minhenga panguva imwe chete.
Mamiriro
Mukuwedzera pakuva nemhando dzakasiyana dzeganda, mhuka dzeTheropod suborder dzingangodaro dzine marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekugadzirisa uye kufamba. Nanhasi zvinofungidzirwa kuti vese vaive nebipedal uye kuti makumbo avo epamberi aive madiki. Manon-avian theropods, akadai secarnosaurs uye tyrannosaurids, pakutanga aifungidzirwa kuti achengetedze chimiro chakazara chakarurama. Muswe wayo munyaya iyi wakashanda serutsigiro, sezviri mumakangaroo azvino. Nekudaro, mu70s, kuferefetwa kwekutaura kwemapfupa kwakaitwa izvo zvakabvisa dzidziso iyi. Uyezve, hapana humbowo hunoratidza kuti maTheropods makuru akakwevera miswe yawo. Naizvozvo, nyanzvi dzinofungidzira izvozvo mhuka huru dzepano pasi dzakatora chimiro chakati chechetere uye miswe yadzo yakafanana nepasi.
[inoenderana url=»https://infoanimales.net/dinosaurs/tyrannosaurus-rex/»]
Kune rumwe rutivi, kune maonero akasiyana-siyana pamusoro pekutarisa kwemakumbo. Imwe tsvakurudzo inoratidza kuti femur yakanga yakatarisa vertically muhombe, yakareba-tailed Theropods. Zvisinei, zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti theropods dzose dzakachengeta mabvi avo zvakasimba achifamba. Sezvingabvira kwakanga kune marudzi akawanda akasiyana-siyana ezvimiro, mafambiro, uye zvinzvimbo. pakati pemapoka akasiyana-siyana akatsakatika theropods.
Size
Mukati meTheropod suborder, yakakurumbira Tyrannosaurus inomira pachena. Yakabata nzvimbo yeTheropod yakakura kwazvo kwemakumi emakore akawanda. Nekudaro, zvakazowanikwa zvakare zvaisanganisira hofori dzinodya nyama. Pakati pavo pamire Giganotosaurus uye Spinosaurus. Iyo yekupedzisira inoita kunge yakanga yakareba mamita matatu kupfuura Tyrannosaurus. Zvisinei, zvichida chaiva chinhu chiduku uye chakareruka. Hapana tsananguro yesainzi yehukuru hukuru uhu kana kuti nei dzimwe mhuka dzepanyika dzisina kusvika pakukura kwakadaro. Parizvino, theropod hombe ndiyo mhou. Izvi zvinogona kusvika 2,74 metres kureba uye kurema 63,5 kusvika 145,15 kilos.
Pane imwe yakanyanyisa ndiyo Anchiornis huxleyi. Ndiyo diki inozivikanwa isiri-avian theropod. Yakanga iine hurefu hunenge hwemasendimita makumi matatu nemashanu uye huremu hwemagiramu 35. Zvisinei, nhasi kune imwe theropod diki: hummingbird. Izvi zvinorema zvinosvika 110 magiramu uye hurefu hwemasendimita mashanu.
[inoenderana url=»https://infoanimales.net/dinosaurs/spinosaurus/»]
Pane dzidziso ine chekuita nekushanduka kweshiri. Anoti saizi ye theropods yaive ichidzikira kwemamiriyoni makumi mashanu emakore. Vakabva pakuva nehuremu hweavhareji hwe50 kilos kusvika pakuva nehuremu hweavhareji hwe163 kilos. Theropods ndiyo chete mhuka dzekare dzinokwanisa kuramba dzichideredza hukuru hwavo. Shanduko iyo skeletons yavo yakapfuura yakakurumidza kana kupfuura mune mamwe marudzi emadinosaur.
Theropod kudya
Zvisaririra zvekutanga zvakawanikwa zve theropods zvakaratidza kuti mhuka idzi dzaiva nemazino akapinza, akatsemuka, akanakira kucheka nyama. Mienzaniso ine humbowo hwekupambwa yakatowanikwa, seCompsognathus uye Velociraptor. Nechikonzero ichi, nyanzvi dzinosimbisa kuti madhinosaurs eiyi suborder ainyanya kudya. Pane kudaro, avian theropods aiva nekudya kwakasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvaisanganisira zvirimwa, tumbuyu nenyama. Zvisinei, zvidzidzo zvakaitwa pakati pezana remakore rechiXNUMX nezana remakore rechiXNUMX zvinoratidza kuti madzitateguru Theropods aigonawo kudya nenzira yakasiyana-siyana uye kwete nyama chete.
Yekutanga yakasimbiswa herbivorous theropod ndiyo Tericinosaurus, inozivikanwawo seSegnosaurus. Aya ma<em>dinosaur aive nematumbu makuru kwazvo ekukwanisa kugadzira muriwo. Musoro weSegnoso waive mudiki. Yaiva nemuromo wakaita seshizha nemazino. Pashure pokunge vaita nhevedzano yefundo, nyanzvi dzechinyakare dzakasvika kumhedziso yokuti paive nema Theropods akawanda anodya herbivorous kupfuura Tericinosaurus. Mapoka akasiyana efossil maniraptorans ane humbowo hwekuti angave anga ari omnivorous. Mune dzimwe troodontids izvi zvaisanganisira mbeu uye mune dzakawanda avians zvipembenene. Mukuwedzera, mamwe maTheropods akauya kuzonyanya kubata hove, semaspinosaurids.
Zvinokwanisika sei kufungidzira kudya kwemadinosaurs?
Thanks kune zvidzidzo zve dental morphology, mavanga emazino akawanikwa mumapfupa uye zvisaririra zvemukati zvemukati. zvinogona kutsanangurwa kuti kudya kwedinosaur kwakagadzirwa nei. Nhasi tinoziva kuti kune maTheropods aishandisa gastroliths. Aya ndiwo matombo anobatsira kugadzira chikafu chakamedzwa. Pakati pavo pane Baryonyx, shiri uye ornithomimosaurs.
Anenge ese theropods anoratidza ziphodonty. Kureva kuti: mazino ayo akatsemuka akaita sebanga. Vamwe, kune rumwe rutivi, vanova philodonts kana pachydontes. As morphology yemazino emhuka idzi yakasiyana chaizvo, zviri nyore kusiyanisa mhuri dzinoumba Theropods. Pamusoro pezvo, kuburikidza nehunhu uhu zvinokwanisika kuburitsa nzira dzekudyisa dzavakatevera. Muna 2015, zvakabuda muongororo yakanga yaitwa pamakorokoza akawanikwa mumazino emhuka idzi zvakaburitswa. Aiita mapete aiita kuti mazino asatsemuka panguva yekuvhima. Mukuwedzera, ivo vakanga vari betsero huru mukuchengeta mazino panzvimbo.