Sonke siyazi ukuthi izibankwa zaziyizibankwa ezinkulu ezazihlala emhlabeni izigidi eziningi zeminyaka edlule. Igama elithi "dinosaur" livela kuLatini futhi lisho "isibankwa esibi". Naphezu kwesithombe esijwayelekile esinaso ngalezi zilwane njengezilo ezinkulu ezinamazinyo abukhali futhi zomele igazi, eziningi zazo zazidla izitshalo. Izibankwakazi ezingama-herbivorous zimelela iqembu elihluke kakhulu futhi zinezici ezihluke kakhulu kunezilwane ezidla inyama.
Lezi zibankwa ezinkulu zaziphezulu eketangeni lokudla isikhathi eside, kwaze kwaba yilapho uquqaba lwazo lwaqedwa. Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma kancane mayelana nezici ezijwayelekile zama-dinosaurs e-herbivorous futhi sizonikeza nezibonelo zalabo abamele kakhulu.
Izimpawu zama-dinosaurs adla uhlaza
Nakuba izici zomzimba nokuziphatha kwama-dinosaurs adla uhlaza kwehluka kakhulu, kunezici ezithile ababelana ngazo zonke. Phakathi kwazo kukhona ukudla okusobala. Lezi zibankwa zangaphambi komlando kwakuhlanganisa namagxolo, amahlamvu, namagatsha athambile ekudleni kwawo, kusukela ngesikhathi seMesozoic kwakungekho zimbali, utshani noma izithelo ezinomzimba. Ngaleso sikhathi, lezi zilwane zazihlanganisa ikakhulukazi ama-cycad amakhulu, ama-fern nama-conifers.
Ngenxa yohlobo lokudla lezi zilwane ezikudlayo, amazinyo ayehlanganyele izici ezithile. Lezi zazinomumo ocishe ufane kakhulu kunalezo zama-dinosaurs adla inyama. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izilwane ezidla uhlaza zazinamazinyo amakhulu angaphambili noma ngisho noqhwaku, okwenza kube lula ukusika amaqabunga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amazinyo angemuva ayeyisicaba futhi ngaleyo ndlela akwazi ukugwinya kangcono imifino. Ochwepheshe baqagela ukuthi izibankwakazi ezidla izitshalo zihlafuna kuzo, njengoba kwenza izilwane zesimanje ezelusayo. Enye inkolelo-mbono ithi amazinyo abo anezizukulwane eziningana, ngokungafani nabantu abanamazinyo amabili kuphela (amazinyo obisi bese kuba awokugcina).
Ekugcineni, kusamele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-sauropods amakhulu babenohlobo lwetshe esiswini sabo, okuthiwa ama-gastroliths. Kucatshangwa ukuthi lezi zisize ukuchoboza ukudla okungenile. Njengamanje, ezinye izinyoni zinalokhu okubizwa ngokuthi ama-gastroliths.
Omele kakhulu izibankwakazi herbivorous
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezibankwakazi ezidla uhlaza ezitholwe namuhla. Ziza ngobukhulu obuhlukene, izimo nezinkathi. Nakuba abanye babenezintamo ezinde kakhulu zokuphakela, abanye babenezimpondo zokuhlasela noma amagobolondo okuzivikela. Okulandelayo sizokhuluma ngommeleli kakhulu futhi owaziwayo okwamanje.
i-brachiosaurus
Enye yezibankwakazi ezidla uhlaza ezaziwa kakhulu i-Brachiosaurus noma i-Brachiosaurus. Igama layo lisho "ingalo yesibankwa" futhi ingeyeqembu lama-sarrischian sauropods. Lolu hlobo lwaluphila kusukela ekupheleni kwesikhathi seJurassic kuze kube maphakathi nenkathi yeCretaceous. Njengamanje ingenye yama-dinosaurs aziwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuvela kwayo esaga se-"Jurassic Park". Ngaphandle kwalokho, Ingenye yama-dinosaurs amakhulu kunawo wonke aphila isikhathi eside.
[i-url ehlobene=»https://infoanimales.net/dinosaurs/brachiosaurus/»]
I-Brachiosaurus yayingaba amamitha angu-26 ubude futhi ifinyelele ukuphakama okungamamitha angu-12. Ochwepheshe baqagela ukuthi isisindo sayo sasicishe sibe ngamathani angama-32 kuya kwangu-50. Isici sakhe esigqame kakhulu kwakuyintamo yakhe ende ngokwedlulele. okwakuhlanganisa ama-vertebrae angu-12 anobude obungamasentimitha angu-70 lilinye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulinganiselwa ukuthi kwakufanele adle cishe amakhilogremu angu-1.500 XNUMX okudla nsuku zonke ukuze akwazi ukulondoloza izinga lamandla elidingwa umzimba wakhe omkhulukazi. Mayelana nokuphila kwalesi silwane, kungenzeka ukuthi sasihlala emihlambini emincane ukuze sizivikele ezilwaneni ezinkulu ezidla ezinye.
i-stegosaurus
Enye i-dinosaur edla uhlaza evelele i-Stegosaurus noma i-Stegosaurus. Unezici zomzimba ezimangalisayo futhi waduma kakhulu ngenxa yokuvela kwakhe esaga "Jurassic Park". Igama laso livela esiGrekini futhi lisho "isibankwa esimboziwe" noma "isibankwa esinophahla". Iqanjwe ngamapuleti amakhulu angemuva kwayo futhi asetshenziselwa ukuzivikela. I-Stegosaurus yayiphila ngesikhathi se-Late Jurassic kulokho manje esikwazi njengePortugal ne-United States.
[i-url ehlobene=»https://infoanimales.net/dinosaurs/stegosaurus/»]
Lesi sibankwa sangaphambi komlando sasicishe sibe ngamafidi angamashumi amathathu ubude namafidi amane ubude. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isisindo sawo silinganiselwa kumathani ayisithupha. Ngenxa yemigqa emibili yamapuleti amathambo agijima emgogodleni wayo, iyidayinaso ebonakala kalula. Lawa mapuleti awazange abe wusizo kuphela lapho ezivikela kwezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye, kodwa futhi kucatshangwa ukuthi ayenomsebenzi wokulawula ukuze avumelane nezinga lokushisa lomzimba nelilingana nemvelo. Emlonyeni, i-Stegosaurus yayinomlomo wokukha kalula amaqabunga ezitshalweni.
i-triceratops
Ngaphakathi kohlu lwama-dinosaurs adla uhlaza avelele kakhulu, i-Triceratops ayikwazi ukushoda. Igama layo elivela kwelesiGrikhi lisho "ubuso obunezimpondo ezintathu". futhi leso isici sayo esivelele kunazo zonke: Yayinezimpondo ezintathu ebusweni bayo ezazikhonza kokubili ukuzivikela nokuhlasela uma kudingekile. Lesi silwane futhi saba nokubukeka okubalulekile ku-saga ye-"Jurassic Park" futhi, ngenxa yalokhu, isibe enye yama-dinosaurs ayintandokazi yabantu abaningi. Yayiphila ngesikhathi seLate Cretaceous nalokho okungangabazeki ukuthi i-carnivore edume kakhulu: I-Tyrannosaurus Rex. Kokubili okuhlala eNyakatho Melika yanamuhla kanye neTriceratops kwakuyingxenye yezilwane ezivamile zeTyrannosaurus.
[i-url ehlobene=»https://infoanimales.net/dinosaurs/triceratops/»]
Ochwepheshe balinganisela ukuthi i-Triceratops yayinobude obusuka ku-7 kuya ku-10 wamamitha nokuphakama okungamamitha angu-3,5 kuya kwangu-4. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwezibalo zakhe, isisindo salesi silwane sasisuka kumathani angu-5 kuya kwangu-10. Isici esiphawuleka kakhulu, ngaphandle kwezimpondo zobuso, kwakuwugebhezi lwaso lwekhanda olubanzi olwalumelela cishe ingxenye yesithathu yobude besilwane. Njengamanje lubhekwa njengogebhezi lwekhanda olukhulu kunazo zonke izilwane zasemhlabeni. Ngokuqondene nezimpondo, olunye lwaluphezu kwamehlo nenye ekhaleni. Kutholwe izimpondo ezikala imitha ubude. Esinye isici esibalulekile okufanele sigqanyiswe yisikhumba se-Triceratops, njengoba sasihlukile kunezinye izibankwakazi. Kuze kube nezifundo ezithi kungenzeka ukuthi ngigcwele izinwele.
I-Patagotitan Mayorum
I-Patagotitan Mayorum ayaziwa kancane kodwa ukutholakala kwayo kwakamuva kwakubaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni we-paleontology. Le ntamo ende enkulu yatholwa ngo-2014 e-Argentina futhi kwakuyizindaba ezinkulu, ngoba kungase kube idayinaso elikhulu kunawo wonke owake waphila. Yahlala cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-95 kuya kweziyi-100 edlule endaweni yehlathi ye-Patagonia yase-Argentina yanamuhla.
[i-url ehlobene=»https://infoanimales.net/dinosaur/i-dinosaur enkulu kunazo zonke/»]
Okwamanje, kutholakale kuphela izinsalela zohlaka lwamathambo alesi silwane esikhulu, kodwa ochwepheshe babale ukuthi yayingaba amamitha angaba ngu-37 ubude futhi ibe nesisindo esingamathani angama-69. Okwamanje kuyaziwa ukuthi kwakuyi-dinosaur edla uhlaza. Kodwa-ke, lokhu okutholakele kwakamuva kusashiya okuningi okungaziwa kungakaxazululwa.
iguanodon
Ngenxa yefilimu enesihloko esithi "Dinosaur" ka-Disney, i-Iguanodon ingenye yama-dinosaur aziwa kakhulu phakathi kwezingane. Igama layo lisho "izinyo lika-iguana" futhi lalihlala eYurophu yanamuhla ekuqaleni kweCretaceous period. Izimpawu zayo ezigqamayo yimilenze yangaphambili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le herbivore wayekwazi ukuhamba ngayo yomibili emine nemilenze yomibili. Yayinobude obungamamitha ayi-10 kuye kwayi-12 kanye nokuphakama okungamamitha angu-2,70 kuya ku-3,50. Isisindo sayo sasiphakathi kwamathani angu-4 no-5.
[i-url ehlobene=»https://infoanimales.net/dinosaurs/iguanodon/»]
Izazi ze-paleontology zicabangela ukuthi kwakuyisilwane esibuthanayo esasingahlala emihlambini emincane, nakuba kunemibono ehlukene mayelana naleli qiniso lokugcina. Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi kubonakala kwakungekho dimorphism ngokocansi phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane ye-Iguanodon, isici esiyenza ihluke kwezinye izibankwakazi ezidla uhlaza.
i-ankylosaurus
Ekugcineni, kusasele ukugqamisa i-Ankylosaurus noma i-Ankylosaurus. Lesi silwane esidla uhlaza sasiphila ekupheleni kwesikhathi saseCretaceous eNyakatho Melika yanamuhla, lapho sasihlala khona namanye ama-dinosaurs adume kakhulu njengeTriceratops noma iTyrannosaurus. Ngenxa yegobolondo layo, bayiqamba igama lesiGreki elithi "Ankylosaurus", okuyinto kusho elihunyushwe ngokuthi "isibankwa sezikhali". Ngaphandle kwesambatho sokuzivikela esasimboze wonke umgogodla womzimba wayo, ibuye ibonakale ngenduku esekupheleni komsila wayo. Uhlobo lwezivikelo olwalumboze i-Ankylosaurus lwalulungele ukuzivikela kuyilapho amandla ekwazi ukushaya ngawo ngenduku yawo yomsila angaba yingozi kwezinye izilwane.
[i-url ehlobene=»https://infoanimales.net/dinosaurs/ankylosaurus/»]
Kuze kube namuhla, alukho uhlaka lwamathambo oluphelele lwale dinosaur olutholakele. Nokho, ososayensi balinganisela ukuthi yayiphakathi kwamamitha angu-6 no-9 ubude futhi ukuphakama kwayo kwakungamamitha angu-1,70. Mayelana nesisindo, kulinganiselwa ukuthi sifinyelele amathani ayisi-6. Nakuba kusenezitho zomzimba wakhe ezingakakwaziwa, wazi kahle ukuthi wayenohlaka lomzimba olufushane, olubanzi nokuthi wayehamba ngawo omane.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezengeziwe zama-dinosaur adla uhlaza esingakaziqanjwanga kulesi sihloko, njenge-Parasaurolophus, i-Protoceratops noma i-Apatosaurus. Ngamunye wabo unezici eziyingqayizivele neziphawulekayo ezihlukanisayo kwezinye izilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, maningi amathuba okuthi ngokuhamba kweminyaka izinsalela zama-dinosaur ezingakatholwa noma izinsalela zama-dinosaurs esesazi kakade zizoqhubeka nokutholakala, kodwa lokho kungase kuvule indlela yemibono emisha, ukuqagela kanye nokuqagela.