I-titanoboa, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Titanoboa cerrejonensis, iyinyoka engasekho yomndeni we-boid. Lesi silwane esihuquzelayo sahlala ezindaweni zaseNingizimu Melika eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-60 kuya kwezingu-58 edlule, ngesikhathi se-Paleocene. Okwamanje, Iyinyoka enkulu kunazo zonke ezaziwayo ezike zaba khona emhlabeni.
Igama ngenxa yobukhulu balo kanye nendawo elitholakala kuyo. Izinsalela zalesi silwane zatholwa okokuqala ngo-2009, emayini yamalahle eCerrejón, eColombia. Ingenye yezimayini ezinkulu ezivulekile emhlabeni.
Incazelo ye-Titanoboa
Ngophenyo olwenziwa kuma-vertebrae ale nyoka, kwakungenzeka ukuphetha ngokuthi isilwane isisindo singafika ku-1135 kg, isisindo esifana nesemoto engekho emgwaqeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kucatshangelwa ukuthi ubude be-titanoboa endala babusukela kumamitha ayi-13 kuye kwayi-14,3, okuphindwe kathathu kwengwenya yamanje.
Kanye nezinsalela zalesi silwane esihuquzelayo esikhulu, kwatholakala izinsalela zezimfudu ezinkulu nezingwenya ezingamamitha angu-XNUMX, ezazihlala ndawonye nazo emachibini. Abanye ososayensi bacabanga ukuthi i-titanoboa yayingadla kuzo, njengoba namuhla kunezinyoka ezinkulu ezikwazi ukudla ingwenya. Nokho, kunobufakazi bokuthi lesi silwane cishe saphinde sadla izinhlanzi. Lesi sici singenza i-titanoboa ihluke emndenini we-boid.
I-Titanoboa yayiyinyoka eyi-constrictor, ngokomzimba efana kakhulu ne-boa yamanje, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingakanani. Lokhu kusho ukuthi waklinya izisulu zakhe ngamandla amakhulu, ngakho kwakungadingeki akhiphe ushevu. Angasebenzisa amandla angama-50 kilos ngesentimitha yesikwele. Ochwepheshe bacabanga ukuthi i-titanoboa yayiphezulu ochungechungeni lokudla, futhi ukube yayiqondane nomuntu, yayizodla naso.
Le nyoka enkulukazi yashabalala cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-58-55 edlule, lapho amazinga okushisa efinyelela izinga eliphezulu ngesikhathi se-Paleocene, ngenxa yezinguquko ezibangelwa ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa.
I-Anatomy
Ekuqaleni kwakucatshangwa ukuthi imigogodla etholakala ezimayini ingeyengwenya. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ososayensi baqaphela ukuthi ngempela kwakuyinyoka futhi yilapho baqala khona ukwenza imibono ngalesi silwane esihuquzelayo nendawo yaso.
Ngemva kokuthola ugebhezi lwekhanda nomhlathi, kwaphetha ngokuthi lalikwazi ukuvula umlomo walo ngokwanele, lihlukanise umhlathi ongezansi, ukuze ligwinye ingwenya yonke. Lokhu akumangazi, njengoba izinyoka zesimanje zingenza okufanayo ukuze zibhuquze izilwane ezinkulu.
Isimo sezulu
Ukutholwa kwe-Titanoboa cerrejonensis Kwatholakala ngempela mayelana nezifundo ezibhekisela esimweni sezulu se-Paleocene. Ngokuvela kwalesi silwane esihuquzelayo, kwaqala ukwenziwa imibono ehlukene mayelana neziqu ezazingaba khona ngaleso sikhathi.
Uma kubhekwa iqiniso lokuthi izinyoka ziyizilwane ezinegazi elibandayo, ubukhulu bazo buyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lendawo yabo yokuhlala. Kuye kwabalwa ukuthi i-titanoboa, njengoba inkulu kakhulu, kwakudinga izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kuka-30 kuya ku-34 ukuze uphile. Ngenxa yalokhu kwaziswa, inkolelo-mbono yokuqala yokuthi izitshalo zasezindaweni ezishisayo azikwazi ukusinda emazingeni okushisa afudumele nokuthi, ngenxa yalokho, kunokuhlukahluka okuncane kwezinhlobo zezilwane ezindaweni ezifudumele, kungaphikiswana ngakho.
Nokho, abanye ososayensi abavumelani nalo mbono. Ngo-2009, kwanyatheliswa ucwaningo olwaluphikisana nethiyori yangaphambili. Ngokwalolu cwaningo, izibankwa ezihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo namuhla kufanele zifinyelele ubude obungamamitha ayishumi, kodwa akunjalo.
Uchwepheshe we-biomechanics, u-Mark Denny, wayenombono wokuthi inyoka, njengoba inkulu kangaka, izophinde ikhiqize ukushisa okukhulu kwe-metabolic, ngakho-ke izinga lokushisa kwemvelo kufanele libe phakathi kwamadigri amane kuya kwayisithupha ngaphansi kwesilinganiso sokuqala esenziwe, ukugwema. ukushisa ngokweqile kwesilwane esihuquzelayo.
Ilukuluku mayelana ne-titanoboa
[i-url ehlobene=»https://infoanimales.net/dinosaurs/microraptor/»]
Uma kubhekwa amazinga okushisa aphezulu, umswakama kanye nokuminyana kwehlathi elikhona endaweni yenkabazwe yaseNingizimu Melika, izinsalela ezinjalo zezilwane ezinomgogodla zazingakaze zitholakale ngaphambili. Ngenxa yalokhu kutholakala, ososayensi baye bakwazi ukuqonda kangcono umlando wokuziphendukela kwemvelo wezinyoka. Baye bakwazi futhi ukuthola isimo sezulu sezindawo ezishisayo zaseMelika ngesikhathi esibalulekile ezingeni lokuziphendukela kwemvelo, njengoba kwakuvela izinhlobo ezintsha ngaleso sikhathi.
Ngo-2011 kwadalwa umfanekiso we-electromechanical we-Titanoboa. Ngezixhumanisi ze-aluminiyamu ezingamashumi amabili namasilinda angama-hydraulic angamashumi amane, yafinyelela ubude obungamamitha ayishumi. Kunezinhlelo zokunweba leli robhothi ukuze lifinyelele kumamitha angu-15 ubude.
Ngemva konyaka, ngo-2012, ukwakhiwa kabusha kosayizi we-titanoboa kwabukiswa eGrand Central Station eNew York. Lesi sithombe esiqoshiwe sasingamamitha angu-14 ubude futhi sinesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-90. Yakhelwe ukukhuthaza idokhumentari ethi "Titanoboa: Monster Snake".