I-titanoboa, ekwaziwa njenge-Titanoboa cerrejonensis, yinyoka engasekhoyo yosapho lwe-boid. Esi sirhubuluzi sahlala kwiindawo zaseMzantsi Melika kwi-60 ukuya kwi-58 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo, ngexesha lePaleocene. Ngelo xesha, Yeyona nyoka inkulu eyaziwayo ekhoyo emhlabeni.
Igama ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kunye nendawo efunyenwe kuyo. Iintsalela zesi silwanyana zafunyanwa okokuqala ngo-2009, kumgodi wamalahle waseCerrejón, eColombia. Ngomnye weyona migodi mikhulu evulekileyo ehlabathini.
Inkcazo yeTitanoboa
Ngophando olwenziweyo kwi-vertebrae yale nyoka, kwakunokwenzeka ukugqiba ukuba isilwanyana inobunzima ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1135 kilos, ubunzima obufana nobo bemoto engekho endleleni. Ngaphezu koko, kucingelwa ukuba ubude be-titanoboa endala babususela kwi-13 ukuya kwi-14,3 yeemitha, nto leyo ephindwe kathathu kwingwenya yangoku.
Kunye neefosili zesi sirhubuluzi sikhulu, kwafunyanwa iintsalela zamafudo amakhulu kunye neengwenya eziziimitha ezili-XNUMX, ezazingabahlali kunye nabo kula machibi. Ezinye izazinzulu zicinga ukuba i<em>titanoboa yayinokuzondla kuzo, ekubeni namhlanje kukho iinyoka ezinkulu ezikwaziyo ukutya ingwenya. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ubungqina bokuba esi silwanyana mhlawumbi sondla ngeentlanzi. Olu phawu luya kwenza i-titanoboa ibe yodwa phakathi kosapho lwe-boid.
I-Titanoboa yayiyinyoka enqabileyo, efana kakhulu ne-boa yangoku, nokuba ingakanani na. Oku kuthetha ukuba wawaminxa amaxhoba akhe ngamandla amakhulu, ngoko kwakungeyomfuneko ukuba avelise ityhefu. Unokusebenzisa amandla angama-50 eekhilogram kwi-square centimeter nganye. Iingcali zicinga ukuba i-titanoboa yayiphezulu kwitsheyini lokutya, kwaye ukuba yayidibene nomntu, yayiza kutya kuyo.
Le nyoka inkulu yaphela malunga ne-58-55 yezigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo, xa amaqondo obushushu afikelela kwiqondo eliphezulu ngexesha lePaleocene, ngenxa yotshintsho olubangelwa kukwanda kobushushu.
I-Anatomy
Ekuqaleni kwakucingwa ukuba ithambo lomqolo elifunyenwe emigodini yeyengwenya. Ngexesha elithile kamva, izazinzulu zafumanisa ukuba ngokwenene yinyoka yaye kulapho zaqala khona ukwenza iithiyori ngesi sirhubuluzi kunye nendawo esisingqongileyo.
Emva kokufumana ukakayi nomhlathi, kwagqitywa ukuba yayikwazi ukuwuvula ngokwaneleyo umlomo wayo, ukwahlula umhlathi ongezantsi, ukuze iginye ingwenya yonke. Oku akumangalisi, ekubeni iinyoka zanamhlanje zinokwenza okufanayo ukuze zihlabe izilwanyana ezikhulu.
sezulu
Ukufunyanwa kweTitanoboa cerrejonensis Ibilufunyaniso olukhulu ngokubhekisele kwizifundo ezibhekiselele kwimozulu yePaleocene. Ngokuvela kwesi sirhubuluzi, kwaqaliswa ukwenziwa iingcamango ezahlukeneyo malunga nezidanga ezazinokubakho ngelo xesha.
Ngenxa yokuba iinyoka zizilwanyana ezinegazi elibandayo, ubukhulu bazo buyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubushushu bendawo abahlala kuyo. Kuye kwabalwa ukuba i-titanoboa, ekubeni inkulu kakhulu, kwakufuneka ubushushu obuphakathi kwama-30 ukusa kuma-34 ukuze uphile. Ngenxa yezi nkcukacha, ingcamango yokuqala yokuba uhlaza lwetropikhi alukwazi ukuphila kumaqondo obushushu ashushu yaye, ngenxa yoko, zimbalwa iindidi zezilwanyana kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo, inokushukuxwa.
Noko ke, ezinye izazinzulu azivumelani nale ngcamango. Ngo-2009, kwapapashwa uphando oluphikisana nethiyori yangaphambili. Ngokutsho kolu phando, amacilikishe ahlala kwiindawo ezishushu namhlanje kufuneka afikelele kwiimitha ezilishumi ubude, kodwa akunjalo.
Ingcaphephe yebiomechanics, uMark Denny, wayenoluvo lokuba inyoka, le inkulu kangaka, iya kuvelisa ubushushu obuninzi bemetabolism, ngoko ke ubushushu bendalo kufuneka bube phakathi kwesine ukuya kwezintandathu ngaphantsi koqikelelo lokuqala olwenziwayo, ukunqanda. isirhubuluzi sishushu ngokugqithisileyo.
Ukuthanda ukwazi malunga ne-titanoboa
[i-url enxulumeneyo=»https://infoanimales.net/dinosaurs/microraptor/»]
Xa kujongwe amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ukufuma kunye nokuxinana kwehlathi elikhoyo kwi-ikhweyitha yoMzantsi Melika, iifosili zezilwanyana zamandulo ezinjalo zazingazange zifumaneke ngaphambili. Ngombulelo kolu phando, izazinzulu ziye zakwazi ukuqonda ngcono imbali yeenyoka. Baye bakwazi ukufumanisa imozulu yeetropiki zaseMelika ngexesha elibalulekileyo kwinqanaba lokuziphendukela kwemvelo, ekubeni iintlobo ezintsha zazivela ngelo xesha.
Ngo-2011 i-electromechanical replica ye-Titanoboa yenziwa. Ngamakhonkco angamashumi amabini e-aluminiyam kunye neesilinda ze-hydraulic ezingamashumi amane, yafikelela kubude beemitha ezilishumi. Kukho izicwangciso zokwandisa le robhothi ifikelele kwiimitha ezili-15 ubude.
Kunyaka kamva, ngo-2012, kwaboniswa ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kwetitanoboa elingana nobungakanani bobomi kwisikhululo saseGrand Central eNew York. Lo mzobo wawuziimitha ezili-14 ubude kwaye unobunzima obuziikhilogram ezingama-90. Yenzelwe ukukhuthaza i-documentary "Titanoboa: Inyoka yeMonster".